WIFO Research Seminar, Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Wien, 01.02.2023 12:30, https://tinyurl.com/22xb87cw
Comment: Bettina Meinhart – This lecture will take place at WIFO. However, you can also participate via MS Teams, see link
above.
Veranstalter: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Online seit: 13.01.2022 0:00
Trade sanctions are a common instrument of diplomatic retaliation. To guide current and future policy, we ask: What is the
most cost-efficient way to impose trade sanctions against Russia? To answer this question, we build a quantitative model of
international trade with input-output connections. Sanctioning countries simultaneously choose import tariffs to maximise
their income and to minimise Russia's income, with different weights placed on these objectives. We find, first, that for
countries with a small willingness to pay for sanctions against Russia, the most cost-efficient sanction is a uniform, about
20 percent tariff against all Russian products. Second, if countries are willing to pay at least 0.7 $ for each 1 $ drop in
Russian welfare, an embargo on Russia's mining and energy products – with tariffs above 50 percent on other products – is
the most cost-efficient policy. Finally, if countries target politically relevant sectors, an embargo against Russia's mining
and energy sector is the cost-efficient policy even when there is a small willingness to pay for sanctions.
WIFO Research Seminar, Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Wien, 14.12.2022 12:30, https://tinyurl.com/mr2wxzfz
Comment: Michael Klien – This lecture will take place at WIFO. However, you can also participate via MS Teams, see link above.
Veranstalter: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Online seit: 01.12.2022 0:00
Le Corbusier's 1929 vision for the modern city was that of bright housing set into green open space. Following Le Corbusier,
houses need to withdraw from the streetfront. Jane Jacobs (1961) instead pointed to the importance of "eyes on the street"
in making streets safe. For Jacobs, houses need to align with the streetfront. Today developers around the world overwhelmingly
appear to pursue the Corbusian vision. This paper provides an economic rationale for, and a welfare assessment of, the discontiguous
streetfront that results. Daylight has become internal to large developers' designs. This is why their houses are bright.
Yet "eyes on the street" remain external even to large developers' designs. This is why these developers' streetfronts are
blind. We argue for redressing the balance between "daylight externality" and "streetfront externality", and suggest supporting
institutions. Ultimately contemporary architecture should align better with the street.
The Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO) and the Competence Center "Research Focus International Economics" cordially
invite you to the next FIW Workshop on "Gravity at Sixty". Keynote Lectures by James Anderson and Arnau Costinot.
Workshops, Konferenzen und andere Veranstaltungen, IET London: Savoy Place, London, 17.11.2022–18.11.2022, http://www.euroconstruct.org
Veranstalter: Barbour ABI – Experian
Online seit: 20.10.2022 0:00
The Austrian Institute of Economic Research (WIFO) kindly invites you to the 94th Euroconstruct conference from 17th to 18th
November 2022. Euroconstruct London 2022 is the premier event to understand exactly what the future looks like for construction
across Europe. It is part of a semi-annual series of lectures on the medium-term outlook of the European construction markets
covered by the Euroconstruct network of expert economists. Exclusive, first access to the latest macro-economic and construction
market projections to 2025 plus expert speakers exploring the impact of ESG, rising costs and the energy crisis on construction
across Europe. Be part of a discussion powered by expert analysts from across Europe: (1) How will the energy crisis impact
demand and output of construction across Europe? (2) What will be the effect of rising inflation and what can be done to mitigate
this? (3) What are the ESG implications of Russia: Ukraine War? Euroconstruct conferences are aimed at all those involved
in construction activities: manufacturers of building materials and equipment, construction companies, designers, architects,
engineers, contractors, investors, financiers, banks, insurers, and other related professions.
Workshops, Konferenzen und andere Veranstaltungen, Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Wirtschaft, 17.11.2022 9:30 Uhr bis 10:30 Uhr, https://blog.fiw.ac.at/fiw-vorlesung-46/
Veranstalter: Kompetenzzentrum "Forschungsschwerpunkt Internationale Wirtschaft"
Online seit: 15.11.2022 0:00
Das Bundesministerium für Arbeit und Wirtschaft sowie das FIW laden ein zur 46. FIW-Vorlesung "Greening Trade? Umweltbestimmungen
in Handelsabkommen". • FIW-Vorlesungen sind eine Veranstaltungsreihe, bei der politikrelevante aktuelle Forschungsergebnisse
aus dem Bereich internationale Wirtschaft praxisnah präsentiert und diskutiert werden.
Wolfgang Briglauer (EcoAustria – Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung)
WIFO Research Seminar, Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Wien, 16.11.2022 12:30, https://tinyurl.com/5n98sptn
Comment: Michael Böheim – You can participate via MS Teams, see link above. The lecture will not be recorded.
Veranstalter: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Online seit: 07.11.2022 0:00
A broad-scale rollout and adoption of new high-speed broadband networks and services, respectively, is expected to generate
innovative services for consumers and create a high potential for productivity increases and economic growth. However, there
is no evidence available on the causal impact of both high-speed broadband coverage and adoption on economic outcomes, which
we measure as gross domestic product (GDP). Moreover, no study has yet simultaneously considered the impact of both new wireline
broadband based on fibre-optic technologies and new wireless (mobile) broadband based on 3G+ or 4G technologies. Distinguishing
these effects is of crucial relevance for the efficient design of broadband policies. In order to provide reliable evidence
on causal effects, we utilize comprehensive panel data for 32 OECD countries for the years 2002–2020 and panel fixed-effects
estimators including instrumental variables estimation. Exclusionary restrictions follow from micro-funded determinants of
network coverage and consumer adoption decisions. Our results show that both fixed and mobile broadband adoption exert a substantial
and significant impact on GDP, while network deployment per se exhibits only minor multiplier-related effects on GDP per capita.
Contemporaneous effects of fixed broadband adoption impact GDP per capita growth in a range of 0.026 to 0.034 percent, while
mobile broadband adoption contributes between 0.079 and 0.088 percent. While the impact of contemporaneous mobile broadband
adoption is substantially higher, fixed broadband adoption shows stronger dynamic and cumulative effects, as well as larger
effects in later deployment periods. Generally, our results are consistent with the notion that the diffusion of technologies
to substantial proportions of the population is most important in driving economic growth. Supporting policies should be technology
neutral and should not neglect the demand side.
WIFO Research Seminar, Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Wien, 09.11.2022 12:30, https://tinyurl.com/3kscdsk3
Comment: Benjamin Bittschi – You can participate via MS Teams, see link above. The lecture will be recorded.
Veranstalter: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Online seit: 24.10.2022 0:00
Policy makers around the world have implemented pension reforms – increasing statutory retirement ages and/or adjusting pension
formulas – to ease the demographic burden on pay-as-you-go social security systems. Andreas Haller's paper provides a unifying
framework to evaluate the welfare effects of pension reforms using a sufficient statistics approach. He shows that the welfare
effects of any reform rest crucially on the "multiplier" – the total fiscal effect relative to the mechanical fiscal effect
of a reform. Multipliers can be readily estimated with reduced-form methods using data on contributions to and transfers from
the entire welfare state system. To illustrate his framework, he exploits a series of pension reforms in Austria. Andreas
Haller finds that increasing the early retirement age has a multiplier of 0.4 to 0.7. By contrast, reducing pension generosity
generates a multiplier of 1.4 to 1.7. In the Austrian context, he finds that reducing pension generosity is preferable to
increasing the early retirement age to curb social security expenditures.
WIFO Research Seminar, Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung, Wien, 12.10.2022 12:30
Veranstalter: Österreichisches Institut für Wirtschaftsforschung
Online seit: 07.10.2022 0:00
Frauen verdienen in Deutschland durchschnittlich 18% weniger pro Stunde als Männer. Vertikale und horizontale Segregationslinien,
Unterschiede im Beschäftigungsumfang sowie in den Erwerbsverläufen von Frauen und Männern sind als Erklärungsfaktoren dafür
statistisch identifiziert worden. Bislang ist jedoch unklar, welche Bedeutung die Arbeitsbewertung für den Gender Pay Gap
hat und welche Rolle evaluative Diskriminierungen in der Verdienststruktur spielen. Die in diesem Vortrag vorgestellten Analysen
bieten erstmals eine statistische Grundlage zur Überprüfung der Annahmen der Devaluationshypothese. Danach wird angenommen,
dass die beruflichen Anforderungen und Belastungen von Frauen geringer bewertet und somit auch geringer entlohnt werden als
die von Männern und somit eine geschlechterdifferente Arbeitsbewertung den Gender Pay Gap mitverursacht. Die dargestellten
statistischen Ergebnisse belegen unter Anwendung des neu entwickelten Comparable Worth Index die Relevanz solcher evaluativen
Diskriminierungen und zeigen, dass die geringere Bewertung und Bezahlung weiblicher gegenüber männlicher Erwerbsarbeit auch
unter Kontrolle weiterer verdienstrelevanter Faktoren zentral zum Gender Pay Gap beitragen.