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Structural change contributed to the past slowdown of US productivity growth by reallocating production to stagnant services sectors with low productivity growth. We ask what the future effect of structural change on productivity growth will be. To provide an answer, we study structural change among goods and different services. We find that there are substitutes for stagnant services, which prevents them from taking over the economy in the long run. Our calibrated model implies that in the future structural change will reduce aggregate productivity growth in the USA only by about half as much as in the past.

The Kumamoto earthquake which occurred in April 2016 measured twice the maximum seismic intensity of 7, causing serious damage to the Kumamoto prefecture. This study mainly focuses on the demand side of expenditures and analyses the ripple effects of changes due to the earthquake using the multi-regional input-output table in the Kumamoto Prefecture. Expenditures in the prefecture in fiscal year 2016 by month decreased by a cumulative total of 592 billion yen because of the earthquake, which generated a value-added loss of 384 billion yen. On the other hand, expenditures increased by a cumulative total of 648 billion yen caused by reconstruction demand, inducing 375 billion yen in value-added gains. Thus, net increase of the value-added of 27 billion yen occupied 10.9 percent of net increase of the gross prefectural domestic product between fiscal years 2015-16. The fluctuation of expenditures, induced production, and induced value-added caused by the earthquake is huge. Although the damage to the prefectural economy was severe, reconstruction demand exceeded it, resulting in a quick recovery. However, at the same time, there was a confirmed delay in restoration in industries that were almost unrelated to reconstruction and in regions with a heavy concentration of damage.

FIW in cooperation with the University of Vienna, wiiw, European Research Council, Heinrich Graf Hardeggsche Stiftung and VGSE cordially invite you to the next edition of the Workshop on International Economic Networks (WIEN). Keynote Lectures by Swati Dhingra (LSE) and Ralph Ossa (U. Zurich). We kindly ask for Registration.

The question of how sustainable innovations and how niche experimentation lead to systemic changes are a core motivation of sustainability transitions research. As an inherently interdisciplinary field, although this question is addressed from different academic perspectives, the dominant understanding of relevant scaling processes is grounded in concepts of growth, diffusion and expansion. This article contributes to the discussion of more nuanced understandings of scaling, acknowledging the value of ontological levels for analytic purposes, but also drawing on knowledge from socio-psychological and spatial perspectives. Alternative understandings of spatial and agency-related scaling approaches are discussed and compared. An integrative socio-spatial framework is developed, providing a mid-range framework capable of supporting analysis of transitions that connects different disciplinary perspectives within a level-based ontology. We use an illustrative case study and derive implications for how this can inform questions of scaling and particularly spatial upscaling of new ways of doing, thinking and organizing.

Laut dem jüngsten Stimmungsbarometer des Gallup-Institutes meinen 64% der Österreicherinnen und Österreicher, dass sich die Politik dringend prioritär mit Pflege und Gesundheit beschäftigen müsse. Aber entsprechen die Einschätzungen der Bevölkerung zur Pflegevorsorge in Österreich der Faktenlage? Die stellvertretende WIFO-Direktorin Ulrike Famira-Mühlberger und Gallup-COO Andrea Fronaschütz stellen im Rahmen eines digitalen Medienchats am 21. Juni 2022 um 10:00 Uhr die Ergebnisse des aktuellen Gallup-WIFO-Meinungschecks vor.

Die Grundsicherung in Deutschland ist in die Jahre gekommen. Auch wenn sie sich in den letzten Jahren und zuletzt auch in der COVID-19-Krise bewährte: Für größere Haushalte wird es zunehmend schwerer, mit dem eigenen Einkommen unabhängig von staatlichen Grundsicherungsleistungen zu leben. Und die rasch steigenden Mieten führen dazu, dass immer mehr Haushalte Gefahr laufen, in die Grundsicherung abzurutschen. Für sie bietet die gegenwärtige Grundsicherung kein stabiles Auffangnetz mehr. Der Vorschlag einer solidarischen Grundsicherung will diese Mängel beheben. Er baut auf einer auf nur drei Säulen beruhenden Grundsicherungsarchitektur auf, die auf Bestehendes zurückgreift: (1) Eine zu versteuernde Kindergrundsicherung und (2) ein Bürgergeld decken den alltäglichen Bedarf der einzelnen Haushaltsmitglieder ab. (3) Ein neues einheitliches Wohngeld sichert darüber hinaus den Wohnbedarf der Haushalte. Diese drei Säulen garantieren in jedem Fall das soziokulturelle Existenzminimum und sind zudem so aufeinander abgestimmt, dass sie deutlich größere Anreize zur Selbsthilfe gegenüber dem jetzigen System schaffen.

European construction faces various crises and several new challenges. The economies throughout Europe are already experiencing the influence of the war in Ukraine. The upcoming construction market forecast event will deal with the resulting economic impact on the construction industry. Our Euroconstruct experts – Antonella Stemperini (CRESME RICERCHE, Italy), Josep Ramon Fontana (ITEC – The Catalonia Institute of Construction Technology, Spain), Mohammed Chaudhri (Construction Futures, Economics – Decision Analytics Experian, UK) and Adam Sochacki (PAB – Polish Construction Research & Forecasting Institute, Poland) – will put a spotlight on sectoral construction trends. This hybrid conference will be broadcasted from the Varso Place in Warsaw on 10 June 2022. All participants receive a link to an online stream and comprehensive information like the Euroconstruct Summary and Conference Report. The premium package includes also the highly requested Euroconstruct Country Report.

Constitutional loyalty, the importance ascribed to complying with constitutional rules, is difficult to measure across countries due to differences in context, history, and culture. We overcome this challenge by exploiting the COVID-19 pandemic as an ideal setting in which societies around the world face a novel and similar public health crisis, inducing governments to adopt comparable policies. Based on a survey carried out in 53 countries around the world in 2021, we show that citizens' support for COVID-19 mitigation policies declines if courts signal doubts about their constitutionality. We further demonstrate that this effect of constitutional loyalty depends on citizens' characteristics, such as their confidence in the courts and their moral convictions.